中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
腰背僵硬行走困难？“僵人综合征”能治！****** 文/广州日报全媒体记者任珊珊 通讯员周晋安 偏爱女性，肢体僵硬，让人走路困难，容易误诊为强直性脊柱炎或癔症等疾病……这就是“僵人综合征”患者面临的困境。“广州实力中青年医生”、中山大学附属第三医院院长助理邱伟主任医师表示，“僵人综合征”也被俗称为“木头人”，是一种十分罕见的自身免疫和神经系统疾病。“僵人综合征”病人大多为女性，就诊时腰背部僵硬得像一块木头，难以迈步，行走容易摔跤。这对病人的身心造成重大打击，严重影响生活质量。 易误诊为“强直”“癔症” 邱伟介绍，“僵人综合征”通常会导致躯干和四肢肌肉僵硬和痉挛。病人可能会在疾病早期出现症状，最终变成持续状态。僵硬和痉挛通常始于腿部和躯干肌肉，尤其是腰背部，随着时间的推移，会影响手臂甚至面部。还可能出现其他症状，如步态不稳和无法解释的摔倒。 由于腰背部肌肉僵硬症状比较多见，这种病容易被误诊为强直性脊柱炎进行治疗，不见好转后可能被诊断为“癔症”“焦虑症”，最终转诊到神经科后才被确诊。 有些人将“僵人综合征”与“渐冻症”混为一谈，其实两者天差地别。“渐冻症”也就是肌萎缩侧索硬化的最终结局，患者是死于呼吸肌麻痹或肺部感染。“僵人综合征”病人不会因该病死亡，但因生活质量严重下降，承受了巨大的心理压力。 病人查出GAD65抗体阳性 44岁的阿兰(化名)于2020年被确诊为“僵人综合征”。2015年起，她的左足背便出现疼痛，起初为发作性针刺样疼痛，几秒可缓解。随后左侧腹股沟区开始疼痛，且疼痛逐渐加重，不能独自行走，双腿僵硬感，腰部有轻微紧绷感，紧张时明显，双腿僵硬时甚至不能独自行走，不过持续约几分钟可缓解。 五年之后，阿兰已经发展到行走困难，起身或转身、蹲下及下楼梯时更明显，容易摔跤。当辗转求医的阿兰最后找到胡学强教授和邱伟主任医师时，她已经无法独立行走。 检查显示，她的全身肌肉僵硬，右上肢肌张力正常，其余肢体肌张力增高，四肢肌力5级。“当时她的肌肉僵硬到连正常的腰椎穿刺检查都做不成。”邱伟说，医生只好把她送到麻醉科进行麻醉，待肌肉松弛后，才完成了腰穿。 然而，常规检查，肿瘤相关检查、炎症及风湿免疫相关检查、内分泌相关检查、代谢相关检查，甚至是基因检查都未见到明显异常。“最后是GAD65抗体检测发现了异常。”邱伟解释说，“僵人综合征”病人的特点是体内可以检测到GAD65抗体阳性。结合临床症状和相关检查结果，她被确诊为这种十分罕见的自身免疫和神经系统疾病。 免疫吸附+免疫抑制剂有一定疗效 导致“僵人综合征”病人产生GAD65抗体的原因是什么，目前医学界尚不得而知。 邱伟坦言，因为这种疾病太罕见了，报告的病例较少，随访也不足，因此医学界对它的了解还有待深入。有些病人误以为无法治疗，确诊后便灰心绝望。实际上，中山三院神经科团队近年来的探索，已初步有成果。 以阿兰为例，邱伟团队尝试采用蛋白A免疫吸附(IA)治疗，后续则采用免疫抑制剂治疗。 蛋白A免疫吸附也就是俗称的“血液净化”的一种。通过先降低血液中的GAD65抗体滴度，加上后续采用免疫抑制剂来减少该抗体的产生，从而缓解症状，改善生活质量。 据悉，阿兰先后接受了6次蛋白A免疫吸附治疗。第一次免疫吸附(IA)治疗后，行走便比治疗前平稳了不少，肌肉较为松弛。免疫吸附治疗结束后双下肢僵硬、活动障碍都明显好转。目前，阿兰仍在坚持治疗，生活已基本恢复常态。 邱伟呼吁，如果不幸出现双腿以及躯干部僵硬，无法行走，排除强直性脊柱炎等原因后，应到神经科进行相关检查，及早进行治疗，同时要为心灵减压，乐观面对疾病的挑战。 快3官方地图 |
